The situation in Bolivia:
Bolivia has not attracted European migrants in the 19th
and the 20th centuries to the same degree as
for example Argentina. Rather Bolivia has been sending out migrants, especially during the last
decades of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21.Argentina has received many migrants from Bolivia, but during the last decade there has been a
large migration to Europe, especially Spain. The colonial past means that in Spain the language
problem is relatively insignificant.While it was previously mostly men who migrated from Bolivia, it is now often women who decide to migrate to other countries looking for work which can improve the living conditions of their families in Bolivia. Many Bolivian women migrate alone and therefore live separated from their families, their children and their partners. A local investigation in the third largest city in Bolivia states that women constitute 67% of the international migration during the past 6 years from that city (Cochabamba).
There are several reasons for this new phenomenon: one is of course the poverty that has worsened during the past decades and the lack of jobs, another is the general discrimination of women in Latin American societies, also in Bolivia, and a third is the effect that globalisation has on the transnational or international labour market, where especially women find jobs as service workers or in homes of families, to substitute the European women who also work outside their homes
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